Computational design of curved thin shells: from glass façades to programmable matter

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dc.contributor.authorGuseinov, Ruslan
dc.date.accessioned2020-11-20T10:17:36Z
dc.date.available2020-11-20T10:17:36Z
dc.date.issued2020-09-21
dc.description.abstractFabrication of curved shells plays an important role in modern design, industry, and science. Among their remarkable properties are, for example, aesthetics of organic shapes, ability to evenly distribute loads, or efficient flow separation. They find applications across vast length scales ranging from sky-scraper architecture to microscopic devices. But, at the same time, the design of curved shells and their manufacturing process pose a variety of challenges. In this thesis, they are addressed from several perspectives. In particular, this thesis presents approaches based on the transformation of initially flat sheets into the target curved surfaces. This involves problems of interactive design of shells with nontrivial mechanical constraints, inverse design of complex structural materials, and data-driven modeling of delicate and time-dependent physical properties. At the same time, two newly-developed self-morphing mechanisms targeting flat-to-curved transformation are presented. In architecture, doubly curved surfaces can be realized as cold bent glass panelizations. Originally flat glass panels are bent into frames and remain stressed. This is a cost-efficient fabrication approach compared to hot bending, when glass panels are shaped plastically. However such constructions are prone to breaking during bending, and it is highly nontrivial to navigate the design space, keeping the panels fabricable and aesthetically pleasing at the same time. We introduce an interactive design system for cold bent glass façades, while previously even offline optimization for such scenarios has not been sufficiently developed. Our method is based on a deep learning approach providing quick and high precision estimation of glass panel shape and stress while handling the shape multimodality. Fabrication of smaller objects of scales below 1 m, can also greatly benefit from shaping originally flat sheets. In this respect, we designed new self-morphing shell mechanisms transforming from an initial flat state to a doubly curved state with high precision and detail. Our so-called CurveUps demonstrate the encodement of the geometric information into the shell. Furthermore, we explored the frontiers of programmable materials and showed how temporal information can additionally be encoded into a flat shell. This allows prescribing deformation sequences for doubly curved surfaces and, thus, facilitates self-collision avoidance enabling complex shapes and functionalities otherwise impossible. Both of these methods include inverse design tools keeping the user in the design loop.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipFinancial support was provided by the European Research Council (ERC) under grant agreement No 715767 - MATERIALIZABLE: Intelligent fabrication-oriented Computational Design and Modeling.en_US
dc.identifier.citationR. Guseinov, Computational design of curved thin shells: from glass façades to programmable matter. IST Austria (PhD thesis), 2020en_US
dc.identifier.isbn978-3-99078-010-7
dc.identifier.issn2663-337X
dc.identifier.urihttps://diglib.eg.org:443/handle/10.2312/2632968
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherIST Austriaen_US
dc.subjectComputer-aided designen_US
dc.subjectShape modelingen_US
dc.subjectMechanical simulationen_US
dc.subjectCold bent glassen_US
dc.subjectNeural networksen_US
dc.subjectComputational designen_US
dc.subjectInverse designen_US
dc.subjectAdditive Manufacturingen_US
dc.subject3D Printingen_US
dc.titleComputational design of curved thin shells: from glass façades to programmable matteren_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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