Space-in-Time and Time-in-Space Self-Organizing Maps for Exploring Spatiotemporal Patterns

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dc.contributor.authorAndrienko, Gennadyen_US
dc.contributor.authorAndrienko, Nataliaen_US
dc.contributor.authorBremm, Sebastianen_US
dc.contributor.authorSchreck, Tobiasen_US
dc.contributor.authorLandesberger, Tatiana vonen_US
dc.contributor.authorBak, Peteren_US
dc.contributor.authorKeim, Danielen_US
dc.contributor.editorG. Melancon, T. Munzner, and D. Weiskopfen_US
dc.date.accessioned2014-02-21T20:05:54Z
dc.date.available2014-02-21T20:05:54Z
dc.date.issued2010en_US
dc.description.abstractSpatiotemporal data pose serious challenges to analysts in geographic and other domains. Owing to the complexity of the geospatial and temporal components, this kind of data cannot be analyzed by fully automatic methods but require the involvement of the human analyst s expertise. For a comprehensive analysis, the data need to be considered from two complementary perspectives: (1) as spatial distributions (situations) changing over time and (2) as profiles of local temporal variation distributed over space. In order to support the visual analysis of spatiotemporal data, we suggest a framework based on the "Self-Organizing Map" (SOM) method combined with a set of interactive visual tools supporting both analytic perspectives. SOM can be considered as a combination of clustering and dimensionality reduction. In the first perspective, SOM is applied to the spatial situations at different time moments or intervals. In the other perspective, SOM is applied to the local temporal evolution profiles. The integrated visual analytics environment includes interactive coordinated displays enabling various transformations of spatiotemporal data and post-processing of SOM results. The SOM matrix display offers an overview of the groupings of data objects and their two-dimensional arrangement by similarity. This view is linked to a cartographic map display, a time series graph, and a periodic pattern view. The linkage of these views supports the analysis of SOM results in both the spatial and temporal contexts. The variable SOM grid coloring serves as an instrument for linking the SOM with the corresponding items in the other displays. The framework has been validated on a large dataset with real city traffic data, where expected spatiotemporal patterns have been successfully uncovered. We also describe the use of the framework for discovery of previously unknown patterns in 41-years time series of 7 crime rate attributes in the states of the USA.en_US
dc.description.number3en_US
dc.description.seriesinformationComputer Graphics Forumen_US
dc.description.volume29en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/j.1467-8659.2009.01664.xen_US
dc.identifier.issn1467-8659en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8659.2009.01664.xen_US
dc.publisherThe Eurographics Association and Blackwell Publishing Ltd.en_US
dc.titleSpace-in-Time and Time-in-Space Self-Organizing Maps for Exploring Spatiotemporal Patternsen_US
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EuroVis10: Eurographics/ IEEE Symposium on Visualization