Residual Path Integrals for Re-rendering

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Date
2024
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Publisher
The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Abstract
Conventional rendering techniques are primarily designed and optimized for single-frame rendering. In practical applications, such as scene editing and animation rendering, users frequently encounter scenes where only a small portion is modified between consecutive frames. In this paper, we develop a novel approach to incremental re-rendering of scenes with dynamic objects, where only a small part of a scene moves from one frame to the next. We formulate the difference (or residual) in the image between two frames as a (correlated) light-transport integral which we call the residual path integral. Efficient numerical solution of this integral then involves (1) devising importance sampling strategies to focus on paths with non-zero residual-transport contributions and (2) choosing appropriate mappings between the native path spaces of the two frames. We introduce a set of path importance sampling strategies that trace from the moving object(s) which are the sources of residual energy. We explore path mapping strategies that generalize those from gradient-domain path tracing to our importance sampling techniques specially for dynamic scenes. Additionally, our formulation can be applied to material editing as a simpler special case. We demonstrate speed-ups over previous correlated sampling of path differences and over rendering the new frame independently. Our formulation brings new insights into the re-rendering problem and paves the way for devising new types of sampling techniques and path mappings with different trade-offs.
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@article{
10.1111:cgf.15152
, journal = {Computer Graphics Forum}, title = {{
Residual Path Integrals for Re-rendering
}}, author = {
Xu, Bing
and
Li, Tzu-Mao
and
Georgiev, Iliyan
and
Hedstrom, Trevor
and
Ramamoorthi, Ravi
}, year = {
2024
}, publisher = {
The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
}, ISSN = {
1467-8659
}, DOI = {
10.1111/cgf.15152
} }
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