EuroVisShort2017

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https://diglib.eg.org/handle/10.2312/2631438

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ETK: An Evaluation Toolkit for Visualization User Studies
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Turton, Terece L.; Berres, Anne S.; Rogers, David H.; Ahrens, James; Barbora Kozlikova and Tobias Schreck and Thomas Wischgoll
This paper describes the design and features of the Evaluation Toolkit (ETK), a set of JavaScript/HTML/CSS modules leveraging the Qualtrics JavaScript API that can be used to automate image-based perceptual user evaluation studies. Automating the presentation of the images can greatly decrease the time to build and implement an evaluation study while minimizing the length and complexity of a study built within Qualtrics, along with decreasing the possibility of error in image presentation. The ETK modules each focus on automating a specific psychophysical or experimental approach. Because each module is an extension or plug-in to a Qualtrics question, the resultant study can be easily used in a laboratory setting or in a crowdsourced approach. We present the open source repository of ETK with the six modules that currently make up the toolkit and invite the community to explore, utilize, and contribute to the toolkit.
An Argument Structure for Data Stories
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Kosara, Robert; Barbora Kozlikova and Tobias Schreck and Thomas Wischgoll
Many data stories in journalism do not have a story arc, but rather present facts without much structure. This mirrors the popular inverted pyramid style of writing that presents the most important information up front, to be followed by evidence. We have found a subset of stories that follow a more structured approach, however. These stories begin with a claim or question, but do not immediately present that as the conclusion. Instead, they then present pieces of evidence that are only tied together, and back to the initial claim, at the end. In this paper, we formalize and discuss this structure, and present a few examples. We believe that this is a viable and practical model for data stories more generally, and certainly a stronger arc than most existing stories today.
Hybrid-Treemap Layouting
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Hahn, Sebastian; Döllner, Jürgen; Barbora Kozlikova and Tobias Schreck and Thomas Wischgoll
This paper presents an approach for hybrid treemaps, which applies and combines several different layout principles within a single tree map in contrast to traditional treemap variants based on a single layout concept. To this end, we analyze shortcomings of state-of-the-art treemap algorithms such as Moore, Voronoi and Strip layouts. Based on a number of identified edge cases, we propose a combination of these different layout algorithms, individually selected for and applied on each sub hierarchy of the given treemap data. The selection decision is based on the number of items to be layouted as well as the aspect ratio of the containing visual elements. Futhermore, a layout quality score based on existing treemap layout metrics (e.g., average distance change, relative direction change, average aspect ratio) has been used to evaluate the results of the proposed hybrid layout algorithm and to demonstrate its usefulness applied on representative hierarchical data sets.
Spatiotemporal Visualization of Gene Expression in the Developing Mouse Brain
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Li, Qihang; Huang, Kun; Machiraju, Raghu; Barbora Kozlikova and Tobias Schreck and Thomas Wischgoll
Exploring and visualizing the spatiotemporal fold change of gene expression is an increasingly important challenge especially in structures as the developing brain. Focusing on the Allen Developing Mouse Brain data, we propose a visual analytic method to facilitate such exploration. We first use 3D brain atlases and developmental ontology to capture the spatial orientations of entire structures, and next use the fold changes of gene expression to weight them to denote the spatial fold changes between any given stages. We then determine the overall aggregate spatial fold change for a given gene across the entire set of stages and visualize them using 3D renderings and PCA to glean the likely directionality and gradients of gene expression. We examine the performance of the proposed method by investigating several patterns and find that they reflect the expression data. This short paper describes a portion of the larger visual analytic framework we are constructing to visualize spatiotemporal changes of gene expression in a developing brain.
Natural Language Interfaces for Data Analysis with Visualization: Considering What Has and Could Be Asked
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Srinivasan, Arjun; Stasko, John T.; Barbora Kozlikova and Tobias Schreck and Thomas Wischgoll
Natural language is emerging as a promising interaction paradigm for data analysis with visualization. Designing and implementing Natural Language Interfaces (NLIs) is a challenging task, however. In addition to being able to process and understand natural language expressions, NLIs for data visuailzation must consider other factors including input modalities, providing input affordances, and explaining system results, among others. In this article, we examine existing NLIs for data analysis with visualization, and compare and contrast them based on the tasks they allow people to perform. We discuss open research opportunities and themes for emerging NLIs in the visualization community. We also provide examples from the existing literature in the broader HCI community that may help explore some of the highlighted themes for future work. Our goal is to assist readers to understand the subtleties and challenges in designing NLIs and encourage the community to think further about NLIs for data analysis with visualization.
In Situ and Post Processing Workflows for Asteroid Ablation Studies
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Patchett, John M.; Nouanesengsy, Boonthanome; Gisler, Galen; Ahrens, James; Hagen, Hans; Barbora Kozlikova and Tobias Schreck and Thomas Wischgoll
Simulation scientists need to make decisions about what and how much output to produce. They must balance their ability to efficiently ingest the analysis with their ability to get more analysis. We study this balance as a tradeoff between flexibility of saved data products and accessibility of saved data products. One end of the spectrum is raw data that comes directly from the simulation, making it highly flexible, but inaccessible due to its size and format. The other end of the spectrum is highly processed and comparatively small data, often in the form of imagery or single scalar values. This data is typically highly accessible, needing no special equipment or software, but lacks flexibility for deeper analysis than what is presented. We lay out a user driven model that considers the scientists' output needs in regards to flexibility and accessibility. This model allows us to analyze a real-world example of a large simulation lasting months of wall clock time on thousands of processing cores. Though the ensemble of simulation's original intent was to study asteroid generated tsunamis, the simulations are now being used beyond that scope to study the asteroid ablation as it moves through the atmosphere. With increasingly large supercomputers, designing workflows that support an intentional and understood balance of flexibility and accessibility is necessary. In this paper, we present a new strategy developed from a user driven perspective to support the collaborative capability between simulation developers, designers, users and analysts to effectively support science by wisely using both computer and human time.
MVN-Reduce: Dimensionality Reduction for the Visual Analysis of Multivariate Networks
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Martins, Rafael M.; Kruiger, J. F.; Minghim, Rosane; Telea, Alexandru C.; Kerren, Andreas; Barbora Kozlikova and Tobias Schreck and Thomas Wischgoll
The analysis of Multivariate Networks (MVNs) can be approached from two different perspectives: a multidimensional one, consisting of the nodes and their multiple attributes, or a relational one, consisting of the network's topology of edges. In order to be comprehensive, a visual representation of an MVN must be able to accommodate both. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for the visualization of MVNs that works by combining these two perspectives into a single unified model, which is used as input to a dimensionality reduction method. The resulting 2D embedding takes into consideration both attribute- and edge-based similarities, with a user-controlled trade-off. We demonstrate our approach by exploring two real-world data sets: a co-authorship network and an open-source software development project. The results point out that our method is able to bring forward features of MVNs that could not be easily perceived from the investigation of the individual perspectives only.
TypoTweet Maps: Characterizing Urban Areas through Typographic Social Media Visualization
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Godwin, Alex; Wang, Yongxin; Stasko, John T.; Barbora Kozlikova and Tobias Schreck and Thomas Wischgoll
Analyzing the important events and news stories that have captured the public interest in a city can be useful for determining the topics that are vital to the people that live there. Social media data, such as tweets, provides a useful and ever-churning feed of data to analyze for this purpose. For even a moderately-sized city, however, individual neighborhoods can have very different characteristics from one another. Geotagged tweets can be a rich data source for determining what people are saying online about the location they are in. Relating the text data to spatial location, however, presents a unique challenge in representation and layout. In this paper, we introduce TypoTweet Maps: a technique for constructing representations of neighborhood topics as typographic maps. TypoTweet Maps show differences in neighborhood topics using only text, avoiding the channel interference of feature labels that are unnecessary for residents who are familiar with the shape of the city. We describe the process of mapping geotagged tweets to the shape of neighborhoods and streets, and present a case study applying the technique to the city of Atlanta.
Trajectory Mapper: Interactive Widgets and Artist-Designed Encodings for Visualizing Multivariate Trajectory Data
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Lange, Devin; Samsel, Francesca; Karamouzas, Ioannis; Guy, S. J.; Dockter, Rodney; Kowalewski, Timothy; Keefe, Daniel F.; Barbora Kozlikova and Tobias Schreck and Thomas Wischgoll
We present TrajectoryMapper, a system of novel interactive widgets and artist-designed visual encodings to support exploratory multivariate visualization of spatial trajectories. Trajectories are rendered using a three-way multi-texturing algorithm so that the color, texture, and shape of each mark can be manipulated separately in response to data. Visual encodings designed by artists and arranged in categories (e.g., divergent, linear, structured) are utilized as strong starting points for visual exploration. Interactive widgets including linked parallel coordinates plots, 3D camera controls, and projection to arbitrary 3D planes facilitate data exploration. An innovative visual mapper menu enables rapid experimentation with alternative data mappings using the artist-designed or custom encodings that can be created with no programming using image editing software. In addition to system design details and insights, two applications with collaborating domain science users are presented. The first requires analyzing 2D crowd simulations and the second 3D tool traces from laparoscopic surgery training exercises.
On Establishing Visualization Requirements: A Case Study in Product Costing
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Vosough, Zana; Groh, Rainer; Schulz, Hans-Jörg; Barbora Kozlikova and Tobias Schreck and Thomas Wischgoll
The process of identifying visualization requirements is an important part of every visualization researcher's and practitioner's job. Nevertheless, the scientific literature is rather sparse on this topic, usually resorting to some form of user-centered design that is rarely further detailed. In this paper, we give an account of our procedure, our results, our problems and solutions for gathering visualization requirements in an ongoing business project to introduce visualization to the field of product costing. By providing insight in our experiences and extracting general points of advice from them, we aim to give some practical guidance for establishing requirements in real-world visualization projects.
Reflections on an Experiment, Evaluating the Impact of Spatialisation on Exploration
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Roux, Clement; McAuley, John; Barbora Kozlikova and Tobias Schreck and Thomas Wischgoll
This paper reports on an experiment designed to evaluate whether visualising a digital library (using a spatialisation technique) can influence exploratory search behaviour. In the experiment we asked participants to complete a set of novel tasks using one of two interfaces - a visualisation interface, ExploViz, and its search-based equivalent, LibSearch. A set of measures were used to capture sensemaking and exploratory behaviour and to analyse cognitive load. As results were non-significant, we reflect upon the design of the experiment, consider possible issues and suggest how these could be addressed in future iterations.
Additional On-Demand Dimension for Data Visualization
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Hube, Natalie; Müller, Mathias; Groh, Rainer; Barbora Kozlikova and Tobias Schreck and Thomas Wischgoll
In this paper, we present a concept to interactively extend an 2d visualization by an additional on-demand dimension. We use categorical data in a multidimensional information space applied in a travel search scenario. Parallel sets are used as the basis for the visualization concept, since this is particularly suitable for the visualization of categorical data. The on-demand dimension expands the vertical axis of a parallel coordinate graph into depth axis and is intended to increase comparability of path variables with respect to the number of elements belonging to the respective parameter axis instead of direct comparability of individual paths and keep relations between the parallel sets. The presented implementation suits as foundation for further studies about the usefulness of a dynamic, on demand extension a of 2d visualizations into spatial visualizations. Furthermore, we present some additional approaches about the usage of the increased visualization space.
TExVis: An Interactive Visual Tool to Explore Twitter Data
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Humayoun, Shah Rukh; Ardalan, Saman; AlTarawneh, Ragaad; Ebert, Achim; Barbora Kozlikova and Tobias Schreck and Thomas Wischgoll
Exploring tweets enables us understanding people's reaction and feedback regarding any particular event or product. Many tools have been developed to visualize Twitter data based on some criteria, e.g., keyword frequency or evolution of topics. Visualizing the relations between the keywords of the underlying Twitter data opens another window to analyze the people's reaction towards a particular event/product. Targeting this concern, our developed tool, called TExVis (Tweets Explorer and Visualizer), visualizes important keywords (e.g., hashtags, nouns, verbs) from the underlying tweets based on their frequency and shows the relations between them based on some criteria (e.g., the common tweets), using an extended Chord diagram. TExVis also visualizes the sentimental polarity for a better understanding of the keywords associated tweets. Further, the provided interaction, multi-level navigation, and filtering options help the users in better exploration of the underlying tweets. A user study with 16 participants shows a high acceptance towards the tool and our approach in general.
Visualizing Large Time-series Data on Very Small Screens
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Chen, Yang; Barbora Kozlikova and Tobias Schreck and Thomas Wischgoll
In this paper, we present a space-efficient visualization and an interaction technique for exploring time-series data on very small screens. The visualization is based on a simultaneous display of contextual visualization in the display border and focused interfaces in the center region of displays. The interaction technique utilizes fisheye distortion to facilitate data selection and navigation interactions in the contextual visualization. The proposed techniques could benefit a wide range of analysis applications on wearable devices. Two applications are highlighted to demonstrate the usefulness of the techniques.
Scoped: Visualising the Scope Chain Within Source Code
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Bacher, Ivan; Namee, Brian Mac; Kelleher, John D.; Barbora Kozlikova and Tobias Schreck and Thomas Wischgoll
This paper presents an interactive visualisation tool that encodes the scope chain, and information related to the scope chain, within source code. The main goal of the tool is to support programmers when dealing with issues related to scope and to provide answers to questions such as to which scope does a specific variable or function belong to and can I access a specific variable from the scope I am currently located in. The design guidelines followed during the implementation of the tool, as well as the design rationale behind the main features of the tool are described. Finally, the results of a pilot user experience evaluation study are presented where an interesting observation was that the tool seemed to support programmers in verifying and correcting their assumptions when asked questions about specific scoping issues within a source code document.
A Stream Ribbon Seeding Strategy
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Rees, Dylan; Laramee, Robert S.; Nguyen, Duong; Zhang, Lei; Chen, Guoning; Yeh, Harry; Zhang, Eugene; Barbora Kozlikova and Tobias Schreck and Thomas Wischgoll
Streamline seeding algorithms have a long and rich history dating back over two decades. And in recent years algorithms for stream surface placement have been developed. However, stream ribbons have been generally overlooked. We present, to our knowledge, the first stream ribbon seeding strategy. Stream ribbons are a tool for visualizing vector fields and are a common extension of streamlines with the added benefit of conveying a fluid's twisting motion along the direction of flow. Presented in this short paper is a novel strategy for seeding stream ribbons in vector fields. The strategy exploits the flow's local helicity, an important property of flow identified over 40 years ago, to guide ribbon seeding. Seed points are prioritised based on a derived helicity field. A selection of user options including adjusting ribbon width, separating distance, and ribbon length filtering are applied to support visualization and cater to the users interests. A filtering method is also presented whereby the number of stream ribbons can be reduced in order to highlight the most helical flow features. We demonstrate the technique on various flow fields and report feedback from a domain expert in fluid mechanics.
Nodes, Paths, and Edges: Using Mental Maps to Augment Crime Data Analysis in Urban Spaces
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Godwin, Alex; Stasko, John T.; Barbora Kozlikova and Tobias Schreck and Thomas Wischgoll
Citizen participation can provide valuable insight into data that is not captured by official sources. In this paper, we propose a technique for using mental maps consisting of three fundamental elements: nodes, paths, and edges. These elements can be used to augment crime data analysis in urban spaces by incorporating the values and knowledge of citizens. We apply this technique to an analysis of property crime in three US cities: Baltimore, Atlanta, and Chicago. Subsequently, we find these cities have neighborhoods where the crime could be substantially higher-or perceived by citizens as higher-than is accounted for in the official public crime data. This analysis can be a vital first step for identifying hidden hotspots or better understanding public perceptions of high crime.
Molecular Visualization of Computational Biology Data: A Survey of Surveys
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Alharbi, Naif; Alharbi, Mohammad; Martinez, Xavier; Krone, Michael; Rose, Alexander S.; Baaden, Marc; Laramee, Robert S.; Chavent, Matthieu; Barbora Kozlikova and Tobias Schreck and Thomas Wischgoll
Visualizations for computational biology have been developing for over 50 years. With recent advances in both computational biology and computer graphics techniques, these fields have witnessed rapid technological advances in the last decade. Thus, coping with the large number of scientific articles from both fields is a challenging task. Furthermore, there remains a gap between the two communities of visualization and computational biology, resulting in additional challenges to bridge the divide. A team of computational biology and visualization scientists attempts to address these challenges by presenting unified state-of-the-art reviews from both communities. We apply a variety of data-driven analysis to highlight links or differences between studies from both communities. This approach facilitates the identification of present and future challenges in visualizing and analyzing computational biology data. It offers a distinctive step forward in managing the literature on visualization of molecular dynamics and related simulation approaches.
Spatial Interaction for the Post-Processing of 3D CFD Datasets
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Niebling, Florian; Barbora Kozlikova and Tobias Schreck and Thomas Wischgoll
Virtual Reality visualizations are often used for the evaluation of three-dimensional datasets generated by Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulations. Several different tracked devices, such as pointers or data gloves, have been employed for spatial interactive post-processing and navigation. However, users utilizing these devices often achieve inaccurate results performing interactive slicing of datasets, a common technique during the assessment of CFD datasets. In our approach, we propose spatial interaction using tablets, which more closely resemble cutting planes, for planar surface extraction in VR environments. In contrast to traditional tracked devices, inside-out tracking of the environment can be achieved using the rear camera of the tablet, helping to make expensive external tracking systems expendable. A user study among novice and expert VR users supports the notion that tablets can be a fast and accurate alternative to traditional spatial input devices in VR environments.
The Situation Universe: Visualizing the Semantics of Integrated Data Structures
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Karer, Benjamin; Fernández-Prieto, Diana; Hagen, Hans; Barbora Kozlikova and Tobias Schreck and Thomas Wischgoll
The efficient extraction and communication of information in heterogeneous data domains is a major challenge in the context of the ongoing digitalization efforts in industry and in the public sector. The heterogeneity of the data itself and the diverse interests of the users addressing it demand the integration of structural and semantic information about data aggregated from multiple sources into a single model and unified visualization. In this paper, we present an approach to visualize the possible interpretations of data integrated from heterogeneous environments, including the sequences of operations applied to filter, transform, and reinterpret the data, such that the result supports these interpretations. Users can thereby access and explore integrated data from the perspective specific to their respective fields of experience.

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