MAM2014: Eurographics Workshop on Material Appearance Modeling: Issues and Acquisition

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    The MAM2014 Sample Set
    (The Eurographics Association, 2014) Rushmeier, Holly; Reinhard Klein and Holly Rushmeier
    Modeling the material appearance of physical materials requires access to the materials. Sets of identical physical material models were prepared for distribution at the workshop on material appearance modeling 2014 (MAM2014). The sample set is intended to facilitate the comparison of measurements and models from different laboratories and psychophysical experiments comparing simulated and physical appearance.
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    The Role of Visual Comparison Testing in Material Appearance Modeling
    (The Eurographics Association, 2014) Meyer, Gary; Reinhard Klein and Holly Rushmeier
    Material appearance modeling should involve end user testing. These tests can be visual comparison experiments where decisions made with real physical samples are compared with choices done using computer graphic simulations. This type of evaluation is necessary to determine whether simulations derived from material appearance models can be used to accomplish such tasks as the design of new products or the sale of manufactured goods. Lighting conditions, viewing circumstances, decision criteria, and user expertise can vary widely in each situation where the results of material appearance modeling are used to make a choice. An experiment is currently underway to perform such tests for automotive paint simulation.
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    Reducing Anisotropic BSDF Measurement to Common Practice
    (The Eurographics Association, 2014) Ward, Greg; Kurt, Murat; Bonneel, Nicolas; Reinhard Klein and Holly Rushmeier
    We address the problem of measuring and representing reflection and transmission for anisotropic materials without relying on mathematical models or a large sample database. By eliminating assumptions of material behavior, we arrive at a general method that works for any surface class, from metals to fabrics, fritted glazing, and prismatic films. To make data gathering practical, we introduce a robust analysis method that interpolates a sparse set of incident angle measurements to obtain a continuous function over the full 4-D domain. We then convert this interpolant to a standard representation tailored for efficient rendering and supported by a common library that facilitates data sharing. We conclude with some remaining challenges to making anisotropic BSDF measurements truly practical for rendering
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    Statistical Characterization of Surface Reflectance
    (The Eurographics Association, 2014) Havran, Vlastimil; Sbert, Mateu; Reinhard Klein and Holly Rushmeier
    The classification of surface reflectance functions as diffuse, specular, and glossy has been introduced by Heckbert more than two decades ago. Many rendering algorithms are dependent on such a classification, as different kinds of light transport will be handled by specialized methods, for example caustics require specular bounce or refraction. Due to the increasing wealth of surface reflectance models including those based on measured data, it has not been possible to keep such a characterization simple. Each surface reflectance model is mostly handled separately, or alternatively, the rendering algorithm restricts itself to the use of some subset of reflectance models. We suggest a characterization for arbitrary surface reflectance representation by standard statistical tools, namely normalized variance known as Squared-Coefficient-of-Variation (SCV).We show by videos that there is even a weak perceptual correspondence with the proposed reflectance characterization, when we use monochromatic surface reflectance and the images are normalized so they have the unit albedo.
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    Linear Transport Theory and Applications to Rendering
    (The Eurographics Association, 2014) Jakob, Wenzel; Reinhard Klein and Holly Rushmeier
    In this talk, I will give an overview of one-dimensional Linear Transport Theory, which concerns itself with the study of random scattering and absorption processes and the inference of large-scale behavior from simple local scattering models. Research over the last 75 years has led to a rich toolbox of solution techniques for these types of problems, including Monte Carlo, Diffusion Theory, H-functions, Discrete Ordinates, and the Adding-Doubling method. I will give an intuitive overview of each of these techniques and discuss advantages and disadvantages. Following this, I will discuss how this problem is relevant to rendering, where it leads to a flexible and efficient method for rendering general layered materials.
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    ALTA: A BRDF Analysis Library
    (The Eurographics Association, 2014) Belcour, Laurent; Barla, Pascal; Pacanowski, Romain; Reinhard Klein and Holly Rushmeier
    In this document, we introduce ALTA, a cross platform generic open-source library for Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) analysis. Among others, ALTA permits to estimate BRDF models parameters from measured data, to perform statistical analysis and also to export BRDF data models in a wide variety of formats.
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    Scanning Gonio-Photometers for Asymmetric Acquisition of Fine-structured BSDF
    (The Eurographics Association, 2014) Apian-Bennewitz, Peter; Reinhard Klein and Holly Rushmeier
    Results of building and running out-of-plane scanning gonio-photometers for a number of years and projects are presented. Key concepts are a fast drive system and adaptive scan pattern to sample peaks at higher angular resolution. It is suggested to scan the BSDF asymmetrically, at a finer angular resolution for the outgoing directions than the incident directions.