DH2015 - Digital Heritage International Congress 2015

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Reflected Infrared Imaging: Revisiting the Fundamentals
(IEEE, 2015) Webb, E. Keats; Gabriele Guidi and Roberto Scopigno and Fabio Remondino
Reflected infrared imaging has been used as an investigation tool for paintings and paper conservation since the 1930s. The technique can reveal underdrawings, expose compositional changes, provide information about manufacturing process and technique, and differentiate materials. As digital camera technology and computing have evolved, the technique has continued to advance, improving the applications for cultural heritage documentation. However, there is very little published on the use of the technique for three-dimensional cultural heritage object documentation. The term object refers to three-dimensional works of art that include archaeological, ethnographic, historic, sculptural, decorative, and contemporary arts, composed of a wide variety of materials and combinations of materials. Some of these materials are similar to those in paintings and others are quite different, and the optical properties of the materials influence the interaction with infrared radiation and the imaging results. This paper looks at the current applications of reflected infrared imaging in conservation and research documentation and explores the fundamentals of why the technique is successful and how that success might transfer to the documentation of 3-D objects. Examples from an imaging case study with the Freud Museum are included to illustrate the arguments.
Virtuuvius - Automated Drawing of Temple Architecture According to Vitruvius - the Case of the Temple of Hercules in Celje, Slovenia
(IEEE, 2015) Jerala, Maja; Gabriele Guidi and Roberto Scopigno and Juan Barceló
The study of Roman temple architecture usually involves a multitude of ruins which need to be properly examined and, if possible, reconstructed. The reliability of a reconstruction - how closely it mimics the original situation - is determined by how well a temple is preserved. Fortunately, there is a transcription of a work on architecture written by one of the most notable Roman architects, Vitruvius (late 1st century BCE). Vitruvius' rules define the basic module and all the proportions to the tiniest detail, but also in a broader architectural sense. For proper analysis, interpretation and reconstruction of the temple of Hercules at Celje, Slovenia, it was therefore crucial to take precise measurements and to conduct an analysis of the preserved elements, applied to the Vitruvian canon. Vitruvius' rules and principles concerning individual properties have been transformed into formulas (Microsoft Office Excel 2013), which automatically adjust to each other, according to the basic module. On the basis of these findings, it has been possible to create a reconstruction of the basic elements using the AutoCAD Architecture 2014 software. To link the two methods, i.e. determining the dimensions and 3D drawing of stone blocks, an interface (AutoCAD VBA Macro) is being prepared: Virtuuvius - Virtual Vitruvius.
meSch: Implementing the Internet of Things for Cultural Heritage
(IEEE, 2015) Petrelli, Daniela; Marshall, Mark T.; Not, Elena; Zancanaro, Massimo; Cavada, Dario; Venturini, Adriano; Kubitza, Thomas; Risseeuw, Martin; Sofia Pescarin and Pedro Cano and Alfredo Grande
MeSch bridges the gap between visitors' cultural heritage experience onsite and online by providing a platform for the creation of tangible smart exhibits, that enables heritage professionals to compose and realise physical artifacts enriched by digital content without the need for specialised technical knowledge.
A Fulldome Interactive Visitor Experience - A Novel Approach to Delivering Interactive Virtual Heritage Experiences to Group Audiences in Full Dome Projection Spaces, Evaluated Through Spatial Awareness and Emotional Response
(IEEE, 2015) Tredinnick, John; Richens, Paul; Gabriele Guidi and Roberto Scopigno and Pere Brunet
The National Trust is experimenting with the use of portable fulldome projection spaces as a means of engaging its visitors with virtual reality reconstructions of the cultural heritage it holds. To date dome technology has been used to successfully deliver non-interactive presentations to hundreds of visitors across three of its properties, however these have not made full use of the interactive elements of the game engine technology that is used to display the virtual scenes. We propose a possible approach to delivering multiplayer interactive experiences that are tailored for both the heritage audience and the fulldome medium. This is to be tested through a public engagement at Cheltenham Science Festival 2015.
Tiber Valley Virtual Museum
(IEEE, 2015) Pietroni, Eva; Forlani, Massimiliano; Rufa, Claudio; Ferdani, Daniele; Palombini, Augusto; Pagano, Alfonsina; Sofia Pescarin and Pedro Cano and Alfredo Grande
The Virtual Museum of the Tiber Valley has been conceived in order to increment and disseminate the knowledge, the interest and the affection towards the territory north of Rome.
Interactive Showcase and Museum Guide System using Bluetooth Low Energy Beacons
(IEEE, 2015) Pantile, Davide; Ventrella, Matteo; Mazzeo, Antonio; Sofia Pescarin and Pedro Cano and Alfredo Grande
The Interactive Showcase and the Museum Guide System are two technologies designed and produced by ETT using Bluetooth Low Energy Beacons. These innovoative porduts allow technology to be integrated into the heritage sector in a more effective and engaging way.
X-Top - An Interactive Exhibition for Building Experience with Mini-Components of Stone Pagoda
(IEEE, 2015) Kang, Kyung-Kyu; Lee, Jihyung; Park, Chang Joon; Kim, Jae Woo; Lee, Man Hee; Gabriele Guidi and Roberto Scopigno and Pere Brunet
Stone pagodas are mysterious heritages about how to be built up and shaped stone components. X-Top is an interactive exhibition system to explore answering about the building method of a famous Korean stone pagoda. Previous digital heritage applications are difficult to give users tangible experiences. We propose an exhibition system(X-Top) to allow visitors to build up a pagoda with its miniature components. We exhibited the X-Top system on various exhibitions and can get positive feedback from visitors. Our project is still working on developing with many types of digital heritage applications.
VirtualTour: A System for Exploring Cultural Heritage Sites in an Immersive Way
(IEEE, 2015) Malomo, Luigi; Banterle, Francesco; Pingi, Paolo; Gabellone, Francesco; Scopigno, Roberto; Gabriele Guidi and Roberto Scopigno and Pere Brunet
In this paper, we propose VirtualTour. This is a virtual reality app for Apple iOS 8 (tablets, smartphones) supporting the easy and natural exploration of Cultural Heritage sites captured with 3D scanning technologies or modeled by artists. VirtualTour proposes a novel approach for exploring virtual sites by exploiting modern mobile devices (tablets or phones) and their embedded sensors. The navigation is constrained to follow a pre-defined path in the virtual space; the user can progress on the path either by manipulating a simple slider or directly walking in real-world (the device sensors detect user's steps and progress accordingly in the virtual visit). The view is rotated according to mobile device's rotation (again, using the device sensors). The main focus of this app is to provide a mobile access to hidden or inaccessible sites (e.g. caves, temples, buildings, etc), using 3D representation and breaking the usability barrier that often hinders the navigation in complex models on top of mobile devices.
Smart Devices for Intangible Cultural Heritage Fruition
(IEEE, 2015) Pozzebon, Alessandro; Calamai, Silvia; Gabriele Guidi and Roberto Scopigno and Pere Brunet
This paper proposes a novel approach to the fruition of Intangible Cultural Heritage exploiting the technical features of smart devices. In particular, it presents a framework for a ''sound tourism'', in which the perception of sites is directly transmitted by the voice of the local communities through the creation of an app model for the fruition of landscape, places, and locations by means of oral archives. That is, the app model aims at boosting the added value of Intangible Cultural Heritage (e.g. popular music, oral history, languages and accents, local tradition, and folklore) by re-using it in real application environments (e.g. for tourist purposes). The proposed solution rejects the use of a smartphone as a mere displayer of information embracing an innovative philosophy that considers the smart device as a tool for the playback of audio material stored in sound archives, leaving the user free to enjoy the site he/she is visiting without the need to interact with a screen.
3DHOG for Geometric Similarity Measurement and Retrieval for Digital Cultural Heritage Archives
(IEEE, 2015) Eckeren, Katharina van; Tausch, Reimar; Santos, Pedro; Fellner, Dieter W.; Gabriele Guidi and Roberto Scopigno and Juan Barceló
With projects such as CultLab3D, 3D Digital preservation of cultural heritage will become more affordable and with this, the number of 3D-models representing scanned artefacts will dramatically increase. However, once mass digitization is possible, the subsequent bottleneck to overcome is the annotation of cultural heritage artefacts with provenance data. Current annotation tools are mostly based on textual input, eventually being able to link an artefact to documents, pictures, videos and only some tools already support 3D models. Therefore, we envisage the need to aid curators by allowing for fast, web-based, semi-automatic, 3D-centered annotation of artefacts with metadata. In this paper we give an overview of various technologies we are currently developing to address this issue. On one hand we want to store 3D models with similarity descriptors which are applicable independently of different 3D model quality levels of the same artefact. The goal is to retrieve and suggest to the curator metadata of already annotated similar artefacts for a new artefact to be annotated, so he can eventually reuse and adapt it to the current case. In addition we describe our web-based, 3D-centered annotation tool with meta- and object repositories supporting various databases and ontologies such as CIDOC-CRM.
Minor Harbours of the East Coast of Ireland
(IEEE, 2015) Shotton, Elizabeth; Gabriele Guidi and Roberto Scopigno and Fabio Remondino
Considerable progress in the engineering of maritime structures occurred between the 18th and 20th centuries in Ireland. While major harbours have been well documented, there remain considerable structures that due to their small size have been overlooked. These minor harbours represent a considerable source of information, many having originated through local efforts only to be later modified through government works in the 19th and 20th centuries. The danger posed to these structures from deterioration and rising sea levels is increasing and it is imperative to create accurate records for the appropriate management and conservation of these structures. An initial pilot study of Coliemore Harbour [1] was undertaken in 2014-15, which served to establish a provisional methodology for scanning procedures, using a Leica Geosystems LiDAR scanner, from which precise measurements and configurations of each structure can be catalogued and compared. The pilot study served to identify issues to be addressed to ensure the information captured is both complete and as widely transportable to alternative formats as possible for ease of access to a broader range of users.
Development of Virtual Environments for the Museum Communication
(IEEE, 2015) Gabellone, Francesco; Ferrari, Ivan; Giannotta, Maria Teresa; Sofia Pescarin and Pedro Cano and Alfredo Grande
Despite the large number of monumental tombs discovered over the years in Taranto, only a few among them are open to the public. In most cases the visit is precluded and the artifacts preserved inside them until the discover, have been subsequently brought into some museums whereas the monumental structures have been restored in order to prevent their collapse.
AMICA - Virtual Reality as a Tool for Learning and Communicating the Craftsmanship of Engraving
(IEEE, 2015) Carrozzino, Marcello; Lorenzini, Cristian; Evangelista, Chiara; Tecchia, Franco; Bergamasco, Massimo; Gabriele Guidi and Roberto Scopigno and Juan Barceló
We hereby present the progress of the work ongoing on AMICA, a project aiming at disseminating to the public at large the activities related to the craft of engraving and printmaking by means of an Immersive Virtual Reality (VR) system. The final platform will constitute not only a means for communicating and promoting such activities, but also an interactive learning tool to be used in vocational courses.
Illumination Compensation for High-resolution Multispectral Image Mosaicing of Herritage Paintings
(IEEE, 2015) Duliu, Alexandru; Jakob, Vogel; Serafima, Sister; Lasser, Tobias; Navab, Nassir; Gabriele Guidi and Roberto Scopigno and Pere Brunet
When investigating artworks, having the ability to examine the reflectance spectra at every image pixel can us give insight into the materials and pigments used in its creation. Multispectral imaging is a great tool to perform this task, however, when acquiring images with a multispectral camera, in addition to the reflectance spectra, the surface interaction with the illumination is also captured. This hampers quantitative measurements of the surface. We introduce a novel multispectral imaging system and illumination compensation approach, that mitigates the influence of illumination on image formation. We showcase the performance of our system by producing highresolution multispectral mosaic images (low or high dynamic range) of artworks dated from the beginning of the XIX-th century, to the present day.
3D movie of the house of Caecilius Iucundus in Pompeii
(IEEE, 2015) Lindgren, Stefan; Ferdani, Daniele; Touati, Anne-Marie Leander; Demetrescu, Emanuel; Sofia Pescarin and Pedro Cano and Alfredo Grande
The computer graphic movie about the House of Caecilius Iucundus was produced for the exhibition Pompeji, held at the Millesgården, Stockholm, form sept. 2014 to may 2015. The exhibition invited to experience Pompeian domestic space by means of a scenography partly reconstructing the House of Cacilius Iucundus, by means of original objects, small finds and wall decorations, found in his house, and by means of the overall visualization offered by the movie.
An Ontological Model for Conservation-restoration of Cultural Objects
(IEEE, 2015) Niang, Cheikh; Leboucher, Elise; Bouiller, Luc; Capderou, Christine; Marinica, Claudia; Gabriele Guidi and Roberto Scopigno and Juan Barceló
In this paper we present a domain ontology dedicated to the conservation-restoration process of cultural objects. We particularly focus on the development of the elements related to events affecting a cultural object.
Surface Shape Studies of the Art of Paul Gauguin
(IEEE, 2015) Cossairt, Oliver; Tumblin, Jack; Huang, Xiang; Stratis, Harriet; Broadway, Mary; Bearman, Greg; Doehne, Eric; Walton, Marc; Matsuda, Nathan; Katsaggelos, Aggelos; Kronkright, Dale; Gabriele Guidi and Roberto Scopigno and Juan Barceló
Starting in the 1890s the artist Paul Gauguin (1848- 1903) created a series of prints and transfer drawings using techniques that are not entirely understood. To better understand the artist's production methods, photometric stereo was used to assess the surface shape of a number of these graphic works that are now in the collection of the Art Institute of Chicago. Photometric stereo uses multiple images of Gauguin's graphic works captured from a fixed camera position, lit from multiple specific angles to create an interactive composite image that reveals textural characteristics. These active images reveal details of sequential media application upon experimental printing matrices that help resolve longstanding art historical questions about the evolution of Gauguin's printing techniques. Our study promotes the use of photometric stereo to capitalize on the increasing popularity of Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) among conservators in the world's leading museums.
Robust Segmentation of Historical Parchment XMT Images for Virtual Unrolling
(IEEE, 2015) Liu, Chang; Rosin, Paul; Lai, Yu-Kun; Hu, Weiduo; Gabriele Guidi and Roberto Scopigno and Fabio Remondino
Historical parchment scrolls are fragile, and prone to damage from a variety of causes such as fire, water, and general mistreatment. Consequently many of these scrolls cannot be unrolled, so that their contents have remained hidden for centuries. To overcome these difficulties, we have developed a method of segmenting X-ray tomographic scans of parchment which enables a ''virtual unrolling'' of these documents. After an initial segmentation we link the broken layers of the parchment. Then, junction sections are extracted from the boundaries of the parchment. Subsequently, we find the fused regions which are formed by layers stuck together, and separate them into several layers by reconstructing the missing boundaries using parallel connecting curves. Experiments on the fifteenth century Bressingham scroll validate the effectiveness of our segmentation method.
Studying Shape Semantics of an Architectural Moulding Collection - Classifying Style Based on Shape Analysis Methods
(IEEE, 2015) Echavarria, Karina Rodriguez; Song, Ran; Gabriele Guidi and Roberto Scopigno and Juan Barceló
As technologies for 3D acquisition become widely available, it is expected that 3D content will become increasingly popular. Nevertheless, to provide access and enable the creative use of 3D content, it is necessary to address challenges such as the availability of open repositories dedicated to 3D content and the automatic enrichment of 3D content with suitable metadata so that content does not get lost. To address these challenges, this paper presents research on developing technologies to support the organisation and discoverability of 3D content in the Cultural Heritage (CH) domain. The main contributions of the paper include an ontology for documenting 3D representations of architectural mouldings decorated with ornament. In addition, a shape analysis method to improve the information that is automatically extracted from a 3D shape is proposed. This method is tested on part of a collection of Regency ornament mouldings found in domestic interiors. This content provides a rich dataset on which to explore issues common to many CH artefacts, such as design styles, patterns and motifs.
Digitizing the Culture of Beijing - An Introduction of the Memories of Beijing Project
(IEEE, 2015) Liang, Jihong; Ma, Linqing; Wu, Yunpeng; Gabriele Guidi and Roberto Scopigno and Fabio Remondino
The Memories of Beijing project is an effort that aims at identification, representing, and disseminating the rich culture of Beijing, the capital city of China, via the employment of digital technologies. This proposal introduces the project's work up to date.

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